English As A Global Language - 1715 Words

It is an undeniable fact that English is recognised as a global language and an important lingua franca in the world. English as a Global Language emphasizes that a language achieves a genuinely global status when it develops a special role that is recognised in every country (Crystal 2003) (p.3). In achieving this status, Crystal describes that the language has to use by other countries around the world and receive a special position within that foreign communities despite of having their own mother tongue languages. Crystal further added that there are several ways in which a language can be official for example it may be the sole official language of a country, or it may share this status with other languages, and it may be in form of ‘semi-official’ status as it only being used in certain domains, or taking second place to other languages while still performing certain official roles. The main reason for this great demand to be proficient in English is because of its dominant role in current international trade, education, and medium of communication around the globe. Therefore, it gives huge impact to many non-English speaking countries and it automatically makes English teaching and learning an important issue in their educational system just to ensure that their citizen are competent in using this target language. This awareness, has been actively promoted by the governments of many ESL (English as a second language) and EFL (English as a foreign language) countriesShow MoreRelatedA Global Language English Language863 Words   |  4 PagesIn the article (A Global Language English Language Essay) the author explained what a global language, and what makes a certain language to be a global language. The author believes that English is a global language. There are many factors that coincide with the author’s opinion. The author had a lot of points that proved that English truly is a global language. The author demonstrated his facts wit h a cohesive argument, using logos and ethos, however due to this being a more research-based articleRead MoreEnglish As A Global Language983 Words   |  4 PagesEnglish as we know it is indeed the dominant language, but does that mean everyone should learn it? Should English be the global language? Should you have to know English to communicate if you are someone that lives in a place where the native language is something different? The answer is no. However, first you must consider the statement â€Å"It is a fact that English is the dominant language in the world today. Everyone, in every country, in order to participate in the modern world, should learn EnglishRead MoreEnglish as a Global Language614 Words   |  3 PagesEnglish as a Global Language English is fast becoming the dominant means by which the world is able to communicate. It is being referred to as the global language as it is seen as a common means for interaction between different countries. This new phenomena can be seen in a positive light because the use of English as a common language brings efficiency and greater understanding. Growth and development are not tolerant of differences and English becomes a means for international expansion. NonethelessRead MoreEnglish As A Global Language1747 Words   |  7 PagesEnglish as a Global Language English serves as a global language and it is essential especially among different countries to have an effective communication. Learning English is a great tool among other countries to promote development in the English language during the previous decades. English language not just improved the educational level of a one’s country but also it had been raised political and cultural aspects which are very significant for most countries. The changes that the English languageRead MoreEnglish Is A Global Language1474 Words   |  6 PagesEnglish is a global language in the earth Language is a form of communication between human beings. There are hundredths or thousandths of languages in all around the world. Everyday people communicate in different forms using language , Everyday people communicate in different forms using language. Out of all the languages, there is one common language used by everyone which is English . The English that is now used as an international language around the world . English is currently spokenRead MoreEnglish As A Global Language1701 Words   |  7 Pagesinformational book about English as a Global Language by giving examples of how often we see the english language around our daily lives in the United States and other countries around the world. He proves this by saying, â€Å"Wherever you travel, you see English signs and advertisements. Whenever you enter a hotel or restaurant in a foreign city, they will understand English, and there will always be an English manu.† I personally think this is an awesome example of how English is a global language and it is a greatRead MoreEnglish as a Global language1937 Words   |  8 PagesDiscuss the positive and negative impacts of having English as global language Over the last decades English has played an important role around the world as common language for economic, education, scientific and entertainment exchange between nations and in particular between people. The positive aspect is that English language open doors in terms of global communication and business, because this language has become a powerful tool in terms of improving productivity and driving growthRead MoreEnglish as a Global Language1947 Words   |  8 PagesEnglish as a global language English is spoken in most parts of the world, for instance in Great Britain, the USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and in many more countries. Moreover in African states English serves as main form of communication. English is, after the Chinese one, the language most people speak and it is the most popular second language and foreign language pupils learn in school. The English language is often named as a â€Å"killer language† that wipes out smaller languagesRead MoreEnglish As A Global Language1217 Words   |  5 PagesEnglish as a Global Language English is a lingua franca (ELF) where the use of English language is a â€Å"common language between speakers whose native languages are different† (Merriam-Webster Dictionary 2015). However, this does not mean that ELF interactions are speaking what is considered proper English, but whether or not they effectively communicate. This does not exclude native speakers, but rather it places emphasis on the interactions between persons of different mother tongues and culturalRead MoreEnglish as Global Language2438 Words   |  10 PagesEnglish as a Global Language   The phenomenal rise in use of English has mainly taken place over the last two decades. English has reached high status world-wide because of several factors; as the mother tongue of millions of people all over the world, as the language that millions of children learn at school and the language that is used in international relations, for global communication and as the major media language. The importance of a global language has become major, in some contexts

Why and How Is the Brain Fooled by the Placebo Effect Essay

â€Å"The more you think of an imaginary problem, the more you feel as though it’s real.† (Panova) Our brain is known to work in mysterious ways, and the placebo effect acts is a prime example of exactly that. The concept of this phenomenon is known to confuse the average person, but it should not. Nevertheless, those unaware of it are still affected on a regular basis. In fact, every time a pill is taken, half of its power comes from just thinking and expecting it to work. All humans are gullible, each to a certain extent. Even the most clever individuals would succomb to the sheer power of placebos in, for example, a life-or-death situation. The placebo effect fools our brain effectively because of the trust we put into doctors and medicine,†¦show more content†¦The majority of the people in the group with valid medicine were healed. Surprisingly, around 379 people were cured by the placebo effect alone (Beecher). There is a distinct difference between the ef fects of medicine given to you by certified doctors and medicine given to you by your co-workers. Extravagant credentials at the beginning of a name or a convincing advertisement of a pill is all it takes for the placebo effect to break through our defenses. Another reason for why our brains are so easily fooled by the placebo effect is the feeling of safety, which makes us believe that the placebo effect cured our issues. To illustrate, a child is hit in the shin with a baseball, hard. His friend, who accidentally kicked the ball with too much force, excuses himself, but goes back to playing, leaving the sobbing victim alone. His favorite teacher sees what is going on and goes over to the child. She tells him that everything will be fine, that his injury is just a bruise, and that she will guide him to the nurse. The victim suddenly feels safer as a result of the social support he received from the teacher. He nearly forgets about his pain and smiles as he limps towards the nurse’s office (Humphrey). This is a fantastic example of how social support can lead to the placebo effect. Physically, there were no major changes in the condition of the child’s shin from when his friend apologized to when hisShow MoreRelated_x000C_I ntroduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 PagesExperimental Design 51 2.5 More on Observational Studies: Designing Surveys (Optional) 56 2.6 Interpreting and Communicating the Results of Statistical Analyses 61 Activity 2.1 Designing a Sampling Plan 63 Activity 2.2 An Experiment to Test for the Stroop Effect 64 Activity 2.3 McDonald’s and the Next 100 Billion Burgers 64 Activity 2.4 Video Games and Pain Management 65 Graphing Calculator Explorations 69 3 Graphical Methods for Describing Data 75 3.1 Displaying Categorical Data: Comparative BarRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesrelevancy should attract readers. Stanley Baronett. Jr., University of Nevada Las Vegas Far too many authors of contemporary texts in informal logic – keeping an eye on the sorts of arguments found in books on formal logic – forget, or underplay, how much of our daily reasoning is concerned not with arguments leading to truth-valued conclusions but with making choices, assessing reasons, seeking advice, etc. Dowden gets the balance and the emphasis right. Norman Swartz, Simon Fraser University Read MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesRating Scale 166 Comparison Data 166 Source of Personal Stress 166 3 SOLVING PROBLEMS ANALYTICALLY AND CREATIVELY 167 SKILL ASSESSMENT 168 Diagnostic Surveys for Creative Problem Solving 168 Problem Solving, Creativity, and Innovation 168 How Creative Are You ? 169 Innovative Attitude Scale 171 Creative Style Assessment 172 SKILL LEARNING 174 Problem Solving, Creativity, and Innovation 174 Steps in Analytical Problem Solving 174 Defining the Problem 174 Generating Alternatives 176 EvaluatingRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesunsuccessful practices are not unique. Information Boxes and Issue Boxes are included in each chapter to highlight relevant concepts and issues, or related information, and we are even testing Profile Boxes. Learning insights help students see how certain practices—both errors and successes—cross company lines and are prone to be either traps for the unwary or success modes. Discussion Questions and Hands-On Exercises encourage and stimulate student involvement. A recent pedagogical feature

CEO Leadership Styles and Implementation System †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the CEO Leadership Styles and Implementation System. Answer: Introduction In todays world of changing organizations diversification of managerial trends have taken a different turn. An organization is a system with its own perspective and logic with its own weight of tradition and inertia. The deck is fully loaded with adopted and proven means of strategies and modules that are known to accomplish its own purpose of achieving goals against all odds and risks that can be fundamental in reaching out as well as unraveling out new directions (Benn, Dunphy and Griffiths 2014). Every organization has its own managerial tools to excavate new ways and means of achieving its goals. The workforce is one of the key elements of an organization that is instrumental in helping it achieve its objective. This report deals with the managers and the tools that they adopt while dealing with the various risks and challenges that that come along with the changing trends in an organization. This report further deals and advocated regarding the impact of the values, ethics and diversity on the work culture of an organization. It further investigates the role, behavior and the performance of the managers within an organization. To help in better understanding a case study regarding an organization has been cited for easier understanding and analysis. The purpose of this report is to learn, understand and analyze the effective role of a manager as well as the challenges and the risks that they have to address to in these changing trends in an organization as well as the impact of values, ethics and diversity on an organization. This report further helps understand the role, behavior and the performance of a manager. Key factors for the changing trends With the progress in the generations and trends, the workplace also has also evolved in its own terms. The workplaces in the earlier times were not as competitive and agile as it is now. The change in the organization involves the changed structure, content and the progress or process (Cameron and Green 2015). The reason to embrace such a change is due to the fact that workplaces are now more perceptively complicated, more team based and collaborative, more dependable in the social skill sets, technologically dependent, time bound and high mobility with less dependency in the demographics (Sjostrand 2016). The current scenario depicts the workplace to be more lean and agile, more focused in the customer value perspectives, better tuned competitive dynamics and strategies, lesser hierarchy and authority decision making, continues evolution the re organization and achieving competitive advantages. Every manager in their respective organization faces certain challenges that should be attained in time to reduce or manage the risk that might arise from it. These challenges are primarily the risks that the organization faces, which its managers in turn manage. The challenges and risk that are faced have been discussed below. Earlier organizations did not face any crucial moral challenge that the current organizations face now a days. With the higher competition and augmented global economy every individual is now in a struggle to meet up with the economic and social security that can only be attained with better earnings estimate. To meet the temptations of achieving better standard of living, individuals strife to do anything and by any means necessary, even at the cost of cutting the moral integrity. Within a time, employees start to adopt unfair or immoral means to achieve their targets with a perspective that immorality is an important part of business without with a successful business cannot be sustained. This would eventually lead to the erosion of the trust between the employees and the employer, the business partners, management and the shareholders of the organization. The failure to comply with the fact that lack of trust can eventually ruin a business is one of the major pitfalls of an organi zation (Jensen 2014). Financial or Resource Management Finance and revenue is one of the primary foundations of any organization or business. A healthy return in the revenue is mostly anticipated by every organization. The major failure for an organization is the mismanagement of the flow of cash within an organization (Brigham and Houston 2012). In case the capital expenditure or receivable collectables is the primary cause of unnecessary draining of cash, the sustenance of the business would not last for long, since revenue management is the utmost important part of business that mostly survives in the well revenue management of an organization. The mismanagement of revenue and the lack of focus on the cash flow could be fatal for any midsized or small term business organization (Brigham and Ehrhardt 2013). With the progress in generation and the global marketing system, setting up a business has become even easier with trouble-free purchasing of online domain and website for the setting up of a business on the go. However, the continuation of business is more challenging and complicated, than it was earlier. Previously hiring of business experts was expensive that has now become even easier and more available as well as cost effective (Cheng, Man and Yi 2013). Findings of different organizations engaged in competition for the same kind of product is crucial to understand the challenges in the global market regarding the successful establishment of the new organization as a flourishing one. Within the same line of business, increased selection and competition is a challenge in the market regarding the gathering of potential customers and the retention of the existing customers (Kirzner 2015). Identification of the appropriate customer and the business channel is crucial in the determination of the business and organizational prospects in the market. Identification of the customers needs and wants is helpful in the customer loyalty and retention (Set-Pamies 2012). In terms of running a successful business, one of the major challenges is to find the right staff for the organization. Recruiting the right employee and their retention and injecting them with the business prospects and ideologies is one of the crucial management strategies to ensure the operations of the organization to be productive (Farr and Tippins 2017). The case study adopted is regarding Beech Nut Nutrition Corporation that supplies 100% pure apple juice for babies and infants (Boyd 2012). As per the case, Beech Nut Nutrition was alleged to supply adulterated apple juice to its customers mostly that are meant for the infants and babies. Two years after the joining of the CEO, he found evidence regarding the fact that apple juice concentrate that was supplied by the vendors for the purpose of making the Beech Nut apple juice contained nothing but sugar, water and chemicals as the primary ingredients. The inventories could have been eliminated by the management which was supposedly useless as well as the existing products could have been removed from the stores. Instead, the product continued to be distributed with the hope of turning the business around with the paying of the promised amount to its parent company, Nestle. A large number of employees in the organization suspected about the authenticity of the products even before the arrival of the CEO, but he chose to ignore the fact due to the 25% advantage that was provided by the suppliers enforced the employees to continue with the production of the adulterated product. Unable to bear with the unethical business, one of the employees protested of about the concern and in return he was branded as a non team player. He was reviewed with nave and impractical comments by the supervisor who was in charge. In this manner, the protest was suppressed and by no means was the consequence of the actions justified, putting the company and its management at the risk of illegal accountability. Later on, an FDA investigation was executed that taught Beech Nut a lesson in a hard way. The company was held guilty of selling adulterated juice to its consumers, risking their lives as well as the trust and compliance of millions of customers who relied on Beech Nut Nutrition in terms of their childrens nutritional supply. Finally, after the trial and judgment, the company was made to pay a compensation of $ 25 million that included the fines, legal expenditures and the misplaced sales. After the legal proceedings of Beech Nuts, the company struggled hard for a long period to regain back its consumer trust and market share. As a result, the managers have become more cautious about the organizational ethics and incorporation of rules and regulations to identify and prevent the breach of laws. Impositions of fines and probation for organizations have also been implemented to prevent further wrong doings and malpractices. Critical analysis of the case study With the help of this case study, justification can be made about the business rationale, the proper utilization of research methodology and organizational theories. As per the theories, if Beech Nut incorporated the methods of identifying and focusing on the business rationale that included the integrity, financial management, ethics, competitive advantages, the customer loyalty and staff selection then perhaps the company would not have to undergo such consequence. In case, Beech Nut chose to focus on the better cash flow and the quality of the products then perhaps it could have been successful in generating more consumers and retaining its existing customers as well as successfully turning the business around that having to sell of the company. The staffs that were recruited in the company were loyal but they were unethical who participated and encouraged the continued fraudulent malpractice of producing adulterated juice. The unethical behavior of the CEO of Beech Nut who was only motivated to meet up with the target and overlooking about the reputation of the organization that it was going to lose in the run (Ng and Sears 2012). Although one of the employees had the conscience to protest against the wrong, his voice was suppressed, that usually has a negative impact on the work culture since this encourages other employees to adopt unfair means. This in turn corrupts the entire work culture rendering it venerable to legal intervention (Theodosiou, Kehagias and Katsikea 2012). The supervisor chose to ignore and suppress the fact that one of the employees protested about the crisis of the adulterated production. The supervisor could have taken effective measures to encourage and rectify the crisis instead of suppressing them, resulting in the huge financial and reputation loss ((Theodosiou, Kehagias and Katsikea 2012).). Proper research about the flow of cash and improvised strategy in the financial module regarding the sales and marketing of pure apple juice could have initially affect the revenue generation creating a little over load in the financial structure of the company but eventually the setbacks could have been averted and impart a new direction in the business cycle. Since Beech Nut was an old reputated company with a loyal set of dependable consumers, it would have been able to unload the pressure in a lesser span of time (Higgins 2012). The mismanagement of not regulating the quality was one of the fatal mistakes that was committed with the purpose of generating easy and fast revenue that was eventually caught red handed and intervened. The managers could have replaced the disloyal vendors with honest ones instead of continuing business with the disloyal ones and jeopardizing the consumer health and its reputation as well. The scope of achieving competitive advantages were higher since Beech Nut had a loyal set of customers who relied on their products. Only a few notable management strategies would have been a game changer for the company (Wagner and Hollenbeck 2014). After suffering legal setbacks, the company had a tough time to regain back the trust of its loyal customers and the market values and the organization decided to formulate its major strategies in terms of focusing in the quality of the product. The influence that the organization had on behalf of political and social interface is due to introduction of penalties and compensation for adulteration and producing inferior quality goods by the legislature and legal practitioners as well as the recognition, acceptance or rejection by the consumers upon whom the survival or the decline of an organization completely depends. Key decisions taken by the management The key decisions that were taken by the management to effective handle the crisis, was paying of a compensation for the charge as well as calling back the products that were considered as adulterated from the market. Newer strategies have been formulated that meet the ethical principles to gain back the trust and the confidence of the consumers that was predominantly the biggest strength of any organization. The implementation of new policies that met the parameters of the health regulations by the government. This was done to focus on the quality of the products to regain its competitive advantages over the other products as well as avoid further legal setbacks As the outcome, the company gradually regained its customers trust and established its lost reputation as one of the major baby food producers. The recalling of the adulterated juice was one of the methods that was beneficial is explaining the customers about the companys concern related to the consumer health. The improvised policies related to the organizational management in terms of ethical practices were influential in creating a diverse and work environment. Conclusion With the help of this report, it can be justified that an organization faces several challenges and risks in the changing trends of the newly emerging economic market. The challenges come on basis of managing the integrity, financial flow, creating identity of newly emerged organizations, selection and retention of new customers as well as recruiting of staff. With the help of the case study that has been provide the fundamental of business rationale and the ethics in the workplace has been explained as well as its validity has been justified. The case of Beech Nut Apple Juice has been cited to explain and understand the key factors of business rationale and ethics in the workplace as well as the circumstances that resulted in its downfall. The political factors that influence the legitimacy of the management strategies include the legal provisions that have been incorporated in order to prevent unethical use of business strategies. The social factors involves the customer appraisal and rejection in terms of the authenticity of the product, since customers are the main factors that influence the success and the failure of an organization in the global market. References Benn, S., Dunphy, D. and Griffiths, A., 2014.Organizational change for corporate sustainability. Routledge. Boyd, C., 2012. The Nestl infant formula controversy and a strange web of subsequent business scandals.Journal of business ethics,106(3), pp.283-293. Brigham, E.F. and Ehrhardt, M.C., 2013.Financial management: Theory practice. Cengage Learning. Brigham, E.F. and Houston, J.F., 2012.Fundamentals of financial management. Cengage Learning. Cameron, E. and Green, M., 2015.Making sense of change management: A complete guide to the models, tools and techniques of organizational change. Kogan Page Publishers. Cheng, P., Man, P. and Yi, C.H., 2013. The impact of product market competition on earnings quality.Accounting Finance,53(1), pp.137-162. Farr, J.L. and Tippins, N.T. eds., 2017.Handbook of employee selection. Taylor Francis. Higgins, R.C., 2012.Analysis for financial management. McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Jensen, M.C., 2014. Integrity: Without it nothing works. Kirzner, I.M., 2015.Competition and entrepreneurship. University of Chicago press. Ng, E.S. and Sears, G.J., 2012. CEO leadership styles and the implementation of organizational diversity practices: Moderating effects of social values and age.Journal of Business Ethics,105(1), pp.41-52. Set-Pamies, D., 2012. Customer loyalty to service providers: examining the role of service quality, customer satisfaction and trust.Total Quality Management Business Excellence,23(11-12), pp.1257-1271. Sjostrand, S.E., 2016.Institutional change: theory and empirical findings. Routledge. Theodosiou, M., Kehagias, J. and Katsikea, E., 2012. Strategic orientations, marketing capabilities and firm performance: An empirical investigation in the context of frontline managers in service organizations.Industrial Marketing Management,41(7), pp.1058-1070. Wagner III, J.A. and Hollenbeck, J.R., 2014.Organizational behavior: Securing competitive advantage. Routledge. www.beechnut.com (2017).beech-nut baby foodreal food with simple ingredients. [online] Beechnut. Available at: https://www.beechnut.com/ [Accessed 18 Oct. 2017]. Young, J.H., 2014.Pure food: securing the Federal Food and Drugs Act of 1906. Princeton University Press.

Response Essay on Gender and Sexuality free essay sample

What is beautiful? What does the word mean to you? How is your interpretation different from the advertisers ideal of beauty? The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines beauty as, the quality or aggregate of qualities In a person or thing that gives pleasure to the senses or pleasurably exalts the mind or spirit. After watching the many different video clips and also looking at this dictionary definition, I would have to say I agree closer more with the dictionary function.Looking back on the different video clips, I think the one that stood out most to me was the film clip of the movie Summer Magic. After the clip was over, I caught myself being very unpleased with the message. I couldnt believe that this movie was trying to tell girls that If you wanted to get a guy, you had to act feminine instead of being yourself. . I was happy that they were trying to say It was whats on the Inside that counts, but then very disappointed when they said you have to change this to be what it should be and not what it is. We will write a custom essay sample on Response Essay on Gender and Sexuality or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It isnt fair to yourself or the guy if either person isnt being really who they are because you cant hold a fake personality forever and will end up hurting each other at some point. I can relate to this clip in some ways because as a younger child, I used to be very tomboyish. My family would always try to dress me up in nice clothes, when all I really wanted was Just to be In shorts and a t-shirt. It didnt bother me that I wasnt getting a boyfriend, but I was getting guy friends.We would do a lot of things together, and although any of them were things you wouldnt see a girl doing, it was a lot of fun. In many ways I am still more thankful for the guy friends I became close with because we are still very close to this day. This is why I would have to agree with the definition more because in the definition it uses the word qualities. Qualities can not only Just be your looks, but your personality and your characters that people see once they get to know the real you.Although this statement Is a click, to me, being beautiful Is the atmosphere you create with your personality and how that atmosphere makes other people feel. Being drop dead gorgeous can be a plus, but if you have no communication skills or a personality worth connecting with, then whats the point of someone trying to get to know the real you. My view of beauty is different from advertisers because I dont think it is Just the cover that matters, to get to really understand the message of the book; you cant Just Judge it by Its cover.I feel there are a lot of things In this world that would be different If a lot of gir ls In todays society that believed the covers were the only thing that mattered. I think recently many companies have tried to convey the message that its impossible to be a real life-sized Barbie, and that if you want to critic your body, you should do it for yourself and not because someone told you to. I think this new message has been really good to try and help other girls realize that having a perfect Barbie body isnt going to decisions you make for the rest of your life are the main deciding factors for your happiness.

Unified Themes free essay sample

Any person can tell that Edgar Allen Poe does a great Job drawing in the reader by using specific themes to add effect his short stories, The Cask of the Amontillado, Hop Frog, and the Tell-Tale Heart. The use of theme in his short stories makes the reader want more. His use of revenge in his short stories makes the reader more curious and raises the level of suspense. Poe does well in using revenge to keep the reader engaged. The narrators view in each of the story gives you the main characters view f the story, which creates a bias towards that character. In some stories the reader will feel the murder was Justified. First, Hop-Frog is the story of a crippled Jester who was pushed to the point to murder. His fool, or professional Jester, was not only a fool, however. His value was trebled in the eyes of the king, by the fact of his being also a dwarf and a cripple. We will write a custom essay sample on Unified Themes or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Hop Frog is a professional Jester whose Job is to humor the king by being a fool. One evening the King had decided to have a masquerade and have Hop-Frog and his dwarf friend, Trippetta, organize the characters and ostumes for the party. After he summons both of them the king makes Hop Frog drink a goblet of wine. After they are all intoxicated, Hop Frog planned to get revenge on the king and seven other cabinet members. He tricks them into chaining themselves for the people attending the masquerade, and make them look like great beasts. Hop Frog chains them up and covers them completely in tar and flax. Once the party starts, Hop Frog raises the Eight Chained Ourang-outangs thirty feet in the air and proceeds to set them on fire. He then climbs back up the chains and scapes out a window and disappeared with Trippetta. The theme of revenge in Hop- Frog plays a big role in how the story plays out. The use of revenge as a theme in this story does a great Job at keeping the reader engaged into the story. It makes the reader really want to know and think what is going to happen next. When Hop-Frog chains the King and his members up, it makes the reader curious about what he plans to do to them. In less than half a minute the whole eight ourang-outangs were blazing fiercely, amid the shrieks of the multitude who gazed at them from below, orror-stricken, and without the power to render them the slightest assistance. In this story the revenge is not thought out but more in the moment and under the influence of alcohol. Hop-Frog plans out this revenge because of all the times he was picked on by the king. He was sick of it all, so he planned to murder the king and under the influence of alcohol gave him the confidence to pull it off. The narrator as a witness to the events of the story also plays a big rol e in the story Hop-Frog. The narrators view throughout the story is on the negative things that happen to Hop- Frog. This creates a big personal bias and makes the reader favor the actions of Hop- Frog. It makes the reader feel bad for the main character and decide that the murder is Justified. The narrator is also a witness of all the actions that take place throughout threw the contents of the brimming goblet in her face. In this scene the narrator witnesses Tripetta trying to stop the king from making Hop-Frog drink alcohol, and the King ends up throwing his drink in Tripettas face. The narrator sees this and makes the reader feel bad for the two and wants to help them. Later, the narrator lso witnesses Hop-Frog setting the king and his cabinet members burned alive from the chandelier. The use of the theme setting creates a must-need image of the main character and his reason for the murder. The main character uses the fire as a dramatic element not only as a part of the setting but also part of the murder. The narrator uses the chandelier as a huge part in the setting as the place where the murder occurs. He uses the chandelier to present the eight members, then set them on fire and kill them all. And now, while the whole assembly (the apes included) were onvulsed with laughter, the Jester suddenly uttered a shrill whistle; when the chain flew violently up for about thirty feet-dragging with it the dismayed and struggling ourang-outangs, and leaving them suspended in midair betweenthe skylight and the floor. After he brings them to the chandelier he lights them on fire, giving the setting a dramatic element to draw the reader deeper into the story . Next, the Tell-Tale Heart is story of a madman who murders the old man he lives with because of his eye. The narrator opens the story and explains why he had to take the life of the old an. Whenever it fell upon me, my blood ran cold; and so by degrees-very gradually-I made up my mind to take the life of the old man, and thus rid myself of the eye forever. For seven straight nights he would stick his head in the room where the old man sleeps and would beam a light from a lantern at the eye. On the eighth night the old man woke up as the narrator stuck his head in the room. The narrator beamed the light later at the eye and the man was awake. This angered the narrator and scared the old man to the point where the narrator could hear it. The narrator hen burst in the room and smothered the old man with his mattress until it killed him. He dismembered the body and proceeded to put the parts underneath the floor boards of the house. When the police came to investigate the disappearance, he heard the beating of his own heart and the guilt caused him to confess to the murder. Another thing is that the use of revenge in the Tell-Tale Heart is kind of different than the other two stories. In this story, the form of murder is more premeditated and planned out than Just at the right time. The narrator had planned o take the life of the old man a week before killing him. And this I did for seven long nights-every night Just after midnight-but I found the eye always closed. He watched him for seven straight nights until killing him on the eighth. The use of revenge as a theme in this story keeps the reader wondering when he will kill the old man and how he plans to kill him. It keeps the reader wanting to read more and gets the reader more curious about what will happen. Another reason why the narrator killed the old man was out of self-guilt. After the murder was complete, the narrator heard he beating of his heart and felt so guilty for killing the old man he confessed. The narrator couldnt handle hearing the beating of his heart because it sounded Just like the old mans when the narrator killed him. The narrators view in the Tell-Tale Heart was also the same as the others. It created a personal bias that made you think that that the murder wasnt as Justified as the others. In this story he murders this poor old man because he was bothered by one of his eyes. One of his eyes resembled that of a vulture-a pale blue eye, with a film over it. The theme of the narrators view n this story makes you want to believe that the killing of the old man is for the better. It tries to make you feel that its fine and its no big deal. Another thing on the narrators view is he watched the old man every night. He stood by the door in the floor and had it cracked Ju st enough to see him. The use of setting is a theme that plays a big part in Poes the Tell-Tale Heart. In the Tell-Tale Heart the narrator uses the darkness to murder the old man. It gives the main character a more secretive nature when he is using his setting to scare the old man. The setting is also a big art after the murder has taken place. The old man sleeps in a large room that only has an opening in the floor to enter and leave. This gives the narrator an easy way to murder the old man. After the main character kills the old man and dismembers him he proceeds to bury him in the floor boards. l then replaced the boards so cleverly, so cunningly, that no human eye-not even his-could have detected anything wrong. The place where he hides the dismembered parts is very significant. When people come around to ask about the old man it ends up that they are standing right above im. The writer uses the setting to reflect the details throughout the killing. Also, the Cask of the Amontillado, the story of a man wanting revenge on another man, who supposedly ridiculed him thousands of times. The evening starts at dusk during the madness of a carnival where the narrators victim had already been drinking too much. There he decides to enact his revenge on the intoxicated Fortunato by using Amontillado. He draws his victim in saying he Just received a large cask of wine called Amontillado. As you are engaged, I am on my way to Luchesi. If anyone has a critical urn, it is he. The narrator says this to get Fortunato to come with him and he ends up agreeing. He follows the narrator down deep into the catacombs underneath Paris. The narrator gets Fortunato to go into a room far at the end of the vaults and chains his victim to the wall covered in skulls and bones. He then pr oceeds to brick up the room so no one can enter and find the chained Fortunato. The story ends with the narrator putting the final brick in place, closing the room for half of a century of nothing disturbing it.

Democracy and Greeces golden age essays

Democracy and Greeces golden age essays Democracy and Greeces Golden Age A golden age is a great time for a countries growth. A golden age is a time for learning and great achievements. It includes things like sculpture, poetry, science, math and architecture. Pericles was a man that started ruling Greece at a young age. He was a man that came from a rich and noble family. A wise and able statesman he led Greece form 461 to 429 Bc. He led the golden age for the 32 years he led. He was a honest skillful politician and a inspiring respected general. Pericles had three major goals for Athens. The first one was to strengthen Athenian democracy, it increased the number of public officials and it helped make a stronger democracy. To hold and strengthen the empire was the second one; he used money to build Athens a strong 200 ship navy. The third and final one was to glorify Athens, more money went to small navy and army, Parthenons wised gold marble and ivory. He really helped shape Athens and Greece. Greeks used classical art order balance and masterpiece of craftsmanship to style Greece. Design was not novel in style. Greek drama helped shape what we have in the modern days such as movies and plays on stage. Greeks invited Drama and built the first theater in the west. Tragedys is one example of Greek dramas. Tragedy drams were often about love, hate, war and betrayal. a tragic hero or a star as we would call them now is girl heroin. Comedies were another Greek drama. Comedies had scenes with slap stick situations. Theses situations often made people laugh. The plague rook place in 430 Bc. 1/3 to 2/3 of Greeks population died pericles son and wife were first killed from the plague then later on in the plague pericles later died. The Peloponnesian war was a major event in Ancient Greek history. Sparta declared was against Athens in 431 Bc. the war lasted 27 years from 431 Bc to 404 Bc. Athens eventually lost the war in the end...

Endangered Species Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Endangered Species - Essay Example In an analysis of the changes in the number of species in the threatened category on the Red List over the last decade, it becomes palpable to the observer that there is a gradual but fundamental expansion of the numbers of various endangered species. For the various groups of endangered species such as mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish, insects, molluscs, and plants, the number of endangered species has generally been greater than that of the critically engendered species, except fish and molluscs. In the case of the endangered mammals, there was a gradual development in the number of critically endangered species from 169 in 1998 to 188 in 2008, except for the period 2004-2007, and in the number of endangered species from 315 in 1998 to 448 in 2008. Similarly, there was a gradual but essential change in the number of critically engendered species in the categories of birds (from 168 in 1998 to 190 in 2008), reptiles (from 41 in 1998 to 86 in 2008), and insects (from 44 in 1998 to 70 in 2008).

Partition coefficient log p (scientific lab report) Essay

Partition coefficient log p (scientific lab report) - Essay Example Thru partition, coefficient was expressed with the concentration in the non-aqueous or lipophilic phase as the numerator. This was expressed in a formula â€Å"P = Coil / Cwater.† In that context, the drug’s absorption can be predicted using the partition coefficient. In logarithmic partition, coefficient values are calculated to determine the solute’s hydrophocity, lipophilicity and it’s anent absorbability. Since body membranes are usually impermeable to foreign ionic species, only un-ionized drug molecules can partition into the membrane. Hence, the lipophilicity correlates with the state of the drug including its acidity or pH level. Note that pH levels vary in all part of the body which implies that drugs partitioned in a specific part will also have diverse un-ionized states.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Partition coefficient’ also determines the acid dissociation constant or Ka. This can be calculated using the equation of Henderson-Hasselbalch where the  "product of hydrogen ion ([H+]) and ionized acid ([A-]) concentrations† is divided by the â€Å"concentration of unionized acid ([HA]). This formula is expressed with the following:  Ka = [H+][A-] / [HA]   This experiment aims to determine the different pHs and degree of ionization affected the partition coefficient of salicylic acid. ... The combination such three equations would result to   1/P’ = 1/P + Ka/[H+]P   of which P is partition coefficient   Ka is dissociation constant   CO is total concentration in oil phase; and CW is total concentration in aqueous phase. Researchers will also obtain the â€Å"absorbance values† using different concentration of salicylic acid because this is relevant in setting a calibration curve and a graph to reflect the concentration in the aqueous phase. Moreover, a graph plotting 1/P’ against the reciprocal of hydrogen ion concentration (1/[H+]) yielded a line with an intercept of 1/P and a slope of Ka/P. Using the partition coefficient and the dissociation constant, the pKa was calculated.   Methodology This experiment comprised of two parts:  (a) determination of salicylate concentration to produce a calibration curve  and (b) salicylate concentration measured in solutions of four different pHs. a. Salicylate Concentration Determination to Produ ce a Calibration Curve   It aims to resolve the absorbance of salicylate solution at different concentrations to produce a calibration curve.  As part of the method, researcher will use five test tubes. Test Tube 1 will contain 6mL of water which will be used as the blank solution to keep the calorimeter at zero. Other test tubes will contain 5mL of water which is added to 2mL of ferric nitrate solution. Further, 1mL of different concentrations of salicylate was added to test tube 1; 0.00125M for test tube 2; 0.0025M for test tube 3; 0.00375M for test tube 4; and 0.005M for test tube 5. With calorimeter set at a wavelength of 624nm, the absorbance of each test tube of salicylate solution was determined by pouring solution in cuvettes and inserting them into the calorimeter. Data

Violence Associated with Integration at Little Rock Central High The Essay

Violence Associated with Integration at Little Rock Central High The Little Rock Nine as Individuals - Essay Example Little Rock incident or crisis as it is usually called is a proof of the same kind of racial discrimination. Oryal Faubus was the Governor of Arkansas at that time. Faubus tried to stop the students who were African-Americans to enter the school. This was solely on the basis of racial issues. Initially the students had to face a lot of trouble to stay in the school as the Governor was against allowing them to even enter the school. They were allowed to enter the school, join the classes and finally graduate from this school after the intervention of President Eisenhower (Lanier, 2009). By the mid of 20th century, the African-American movement of equal civil rights was also on its peak. Considering the changes that were taking place in the social fabric of American life, people were becoming less extremist and thus the African-Americans were being accepted as normal human beings by many. Faubus was however not one of them. When these kids were to attend the school on their first day, they were stopped by the National Guard. Troops from National Guard of Arkansas tried to stop these kids from entering the school and once these African-Americans entered the school, they were harassed by mobs making threats to them. It was of course not a very pleasant situation for them (Kirk, 2008). By that time, the historic 1954 verdict of U.S. Supreme court was already out. According to this verdict of Brown vs. Board of Education in 1954, all segregated schools were considered to be not following the constitution of America. The American constitution is not in favor of racial discrimination. However, before 1954, many segregated schools operated in the U.S. as there was no fully defined law against these schools. By 1954, all schools which were segregated and did not allow students from African-American origin to get admission and study were asked to desegregate and allow all students on the basis of merit to get admission in this school. This was a time when National Associa tion for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) was fully active. This organization tried to get registered as many black students as possible in the schools which were good but were all white only a couple of years before. Their attempts were more successful in the south. Violence Associated with the Little Rock Nine Crises: Little Rock School Board of Arkansas decided to go with the Supreme Court ruling in 1955. They passed their own plan of integration of black students in 1955. Virgil Blossom was the superintendent of schools and his plan which was approved was to be implemented from 1957, the year these Little Rock nine got admission in this school. By the efforts of NAACP, nine black students were admitted to this school in 1957 (Gordy, 1997). These kids were selected on the basis of their educational background and the grades they have acquired so far. The Little Rock 9 was a name given to this group of black students who joined this school in 1957. Their names were Green, Eckford, Thomas, Roberts, LaNier, Brown, Karlmark, Mothershed and Beals. Earnest Green who was born in 1941 was the first one of these black students to graduate from this school (Faubus, 1980). When these students were admitted to this school a lot of people who wanted segregation on the basis of racial discrimination held protests against this school. The first violent reaction to the admission of these students to the school was the blockade by these protestors to not allow the students to enter the school. Governor Orval Faubus helped them further by deploying National Guard troops to stop these students from entering the school premises. He was clearly in favor of segregation. In the nation however, there was a

SWOT Analysis of Starbucks

SWOT Analysis of Starbucks 1. INTRODUCTION The following content is a case study on Starbucks company one if the famous and well known coffee shop in the world. This case study highlights about the:  · SWOT ANALYSIS  · PESTLE ANALYSIS  · PORTERS FIVE FORCES The history of Starbucks takes us back in the year 1971. It is a trade mark of (SBUX) in Seattle. In the start it was a purchaser and roaster of whole coffee beans. In the year 1970 the first Starbucks out let opened which used to provide finest coffee and coffee related products to the thirsty people of Seattle. In the year 1990 Starbucks went global expanding in the United States and soon become a publicly traded company. In 2000 the company expended in more than 15000 outlets in around more than 15 countries. Starbucks mission statement is simple; to inspire and nurture the human spirit— one person, one cup, and one neighbourhood at a time 2. Swot analysis for Starbucks 2.1 Strength * The Starbucks has a strong ethical values and also a strong ethical mission statement ‘Starbucks is committed to a role of environmental leadership in all facets of our business a positive approach towards had made Starbucks one of the no1 specialty retailer. * The market share and capitalization Starbucks owned  £4596.6 million and sales growth by 20.9% * Starbucks holds a strong position in the market wherein they have 8,500 shops owned by Starbucks directly and also around 6,500 shops on franchises and licences with excellent workforce and management that provide excellent service to the customer * In 2005 Starbucks was one of the fortunes in 100 companies to work for this was mainly because of the well efficient organisation resource management. 2.2 Weaknesses: * The key weakness of Starbucks is their weakened innovation and creativity that has limited them to coffee and coffee related products * As competitive pressure increases the lower price rivals such as Mc Donald or costa coffee can undercut the company profits as the Starbucks has premium brand with premium prices. * It only depends on coffee and coffee related products that give them a limited growth this criticises them from not using free trade products and a bad reputation from pressure group. * Since Starbucks is a US based company it mainly focuses on the domestic markets of US though Starbucks had grown worldwide none planning on the markets outside the US can affect the targeted profits. 2.3 Opportunities * Starbucks is global cooperation which sells coffee to about 16,000 coffee shops in over 35 countries, established relation with pepsi-co, barners and nobles, dreyrers ice cream and other major brands this gives them a opportunity to diversify. * Addition of more coffee products and expanding the menu gives them an opportunity to grow * Outside the domestic US markets there are a lot of opportunities for joint ventures.thr planning restrictions can be considered by reducing costs by relocating at super market chains, pubs and restaurant. * Become more of social and environmental responsible brand by better public relation activity,fair trade policies and ethical sourcing practices * Licensing its name through ambient coffee through super market that gives them an opportunity to increase their revenue. 2.4 Threats * Downturn in the economy affects consumer spending, with less income to spend this has been the threats in the recent years. * Criticizing on the web site about companys fair policies, labour relation and environmental hazards had a bad effect on the companies goodwill and has hence affected the revenue * The threats have been increasing by competition from national brands and new entrants, this putting pressure on profit margins. Companies seeks new way to differentiate to retain customers. * Saturation in the coffee market can be the worst threat as the Starbucks in very much linked with coffee and coffee related products 3. Pestle analysis for Starbucks 3.1 Political-Current tensions in the Middle East and boycotts of American made products are strategic concerns for Starbucks globalization plans. Starbucks also imports their coffee beans and thus any changes in import laws should also demand special attention. 3.2 Economic- Economic factors basically concern the nature and direction of the economy in which a firm operates. Current recession has forced people to limit their spending hence this has affected the sales of Starbucks. Also the price hike in the commodities e.g. coffee beans which are used to make coffee in Starbucks has forced them to increase the prices of the coffee. Consumers dont find as much worth in spending $4.35 for a cup of coffee when they can purchase the same size coffee at 7-eleven for $1. 75 3.3 Social- Promoting the health benefits of coffee remains a challenge for the industry and consumers are often confused with the myths propagated by the media. Social concerns regarding caffeine and it addictive properties also need to be considered these days the people are so environment concern that the company should learn how to reduce their plastic waste and use recyclable items. 3.4 Technological Factors -Starbucks has been continually looking for ways to enhance the customer experience. They have also expanded their partnership with ATT. ATT offered consumers Wi-Fi service in more than 7,000 Starbucks locations in the U.S. in spring of 2008 also the use of latest technology in brewing coffee beans to enhance the taste and flavour of the coffee served. 3.5 Legal Labour laws( for e.g. increase in the minimum wage of employees) Environmental law (e.g. ban on non recyclable cups and bottles used for take away drinks). 3.6 Ecological Factors- Starbucks also has a strong environmental mission statement. Starbucks promotes ethical sourcing as well and encourages the use environmentally friendly products. Starbucks uses key performance indicators to be sure they are measuring the degree to which they fulfil their social and environmental responsibilities. Starbucks should maintain abreast of any changing environmental legislation that could impact their corporate strategies. 4. Porters Five Forces Analysis The Porter 5 forces analysis is a framework by Michael E. Porter in 1979 for industry analysis and business strategy development to achieve its organisational goal. According to Michael porter there are 5 major factors which influence the business. * Bargaining power of suppliers * Bargaining power of buyers * Threat by substitute products * Rivalry between competitors * Threat of new entrants to a market. Starbucks should consider the following: 4.1 Power of Suppliers: Starbucks prides itself on its guiding principles one of which states, â€Å"Our Coffee-It has always been, and will always be, about quality. Were passionate about ethically sourcing the finest coffee beans, roasting them with great care, and improving the lives of people who grow them.† Therefore, in keeping with their mission and principles, Starbucks must ensure that the type and quality of coffee it offers is always the same. This means they would use the same suppliers that integrate their standards. An over-populated market could also give the suppliers more bargaining power. Starbucks needs to be aware of supplier power and potential price increases. 4.2 Power of Buyers/Customers: A buyer group is powerful if the industrys product does not save the buyer money (Pearce and Robinson, 2007) This is a plus for Starbucks as their coffee products are higher in price and considered a luxury brand. Starbucks is much more concerned with the quality of their product versus price. However; the other consideration is small local coffee companies that were around before Starbucks took over the marketplace. These smaller coffee shops may have their core customers who will not give their business to anyone else. 4.3 Available Substitutes: Starbucks must be aware of substitute products. Given the current grave economic crisis, consumers are vying towards less expensive alternatives than the luxury coffee Starbucks provides. This effect could alter Starbucks current pricing strategies. As more substitutes become available, the current pricing model would become more elastic since customers have more alternatives. Potential substitutes include bottled water, healthy water/juice drinks, and at home espresso machines. 4.4 Current Competitors: While companies like Dazbog and Caribou Coffee appear to be the most obvious competitors, McDonalds and Dunkin Doughnuts are Starbucks tops competitors. Both these organizations can compete with Starbucks in terms of sandwich items and coffee related products. More of a concern with these two competitors is their pricing modules. Both competitors are priced less than Starbucks products. 4.5 Threat of New Entrants: Starbucks provides a luxury good that consumers often scale back on when they want to save money. In 2007, Starbucks saw its shares fall more than 30% partly down to customers deserting it for cheaper rivals. As McDonalds and other chains like Dunkin Doughnuts realize the money in luxury coffee more companies will begin to enter the marketplace offering similar product lines for less cost. 5. Reference To conclude the Starbucks has done very well in the terms of business they have managed to grow within the industry in few years. Ill say this because from a single privately owned coffee house Starbucks was able to expand as a well known coffeehouse internationally and they managed to keep their position in the market. Starbucks needs to keep a close watch on its competitors because of the risk for competitive pressure. Also it needs to develop new types of coffees to sustain the threats for subistutes and also from competitors. They also need to utilize their opportunities to greater extant to be more successful in the future. 6.REFERENCE * Information and financial management, swot analysis, pg 23,10th edition ( Trowbridge, Wiltshire, 2005) * Bob Nelson and Peter Economy, Managing for Dummies, 2nd ed. (New York: Wiley, 2003) * Forbes Magazine. Forbes, S. (2005, December 12). Whoda Thunk It? Coffee Is Hot. Forbes, pp. 33, 33. Retrieved May 15, 2009, from Business Source Premier Database * Starbucks. (2009b). Company Profile. Retrieved May 10, 2009, from http://www.starbucks.com/aboutus/Company_Profile.pdf * Moneyweek Magazine. Which firms can survive a storm? Tim Bennett, Nov 27, 2007 http://www.moneyweek.com/investment-advice/how-to-invest/which-firms-can-survive-a-storm.aspx * Brewing Battle: Starbucks vs. McDonalds, from http://www.time.com/time/business/article/0,8599,1702277,00.html * Starbucks. (2009c). Our Starbucks Mission. Retrieved May 10, 2009, from http://www.starbucks.com/mission/default.asp * Starbucks 2007 Annual Report. Corporate Social Responsibility Brochure * Howard Schultz: Chairman of Starbucks Corporation. http://www.marketingcrossing.com/article/220025/Howard-Schultz-Chairman-of-Starbucks-Corporation/ * Regis University (2009). Strategic Management and Financial Ratio Analysis. Columbus, OH: McGraw Hill/Irwin

The Big Sleep: Movie vs. Novel Essay -- Movie Film comparison compare

The Big Sleep: Movie vs. Novel      Ã‚  Ã‚   Film and literature are two media forms that are so closely related, that we often forget there is a distinction between them. We often just view the movie as an extension of the book because most movies are based on novels or short stories. Because we are accustomed to this sequence of production, first the novel, then the motion picture, we often find ourselves making value judgments about a movie, based upon our feelings on the novel. It is this overlapping of the creative processes that prevents us from seeing movies as distinct and separate art forms from the novels they are based on.    I enjoyed The Big Sleep by Howard Hawks, but can still recognize and appreciate the differences between it and Chandler's masterful novel. It is an objective appreciation of the two works which forms the foundation a good paper. One must look at the book as a distinct unit, look at the film as a distinct unit, and then (and only then) use one to compare/contrast the other in a critique. The film, after all, is not an extension of the novel&endash;as some would like to argue&endash;but an independent entity that can be constructed however the artist (Hawks in this case) wants. The novel is the inspiration; the film, the work itself.    Howard Hawks chose to film The Big Sleep in the genre of film noir; this seemed like the obvious choice for a hardboiled detective novel. Film noir is the "'dark film,' a term applied by French critics to [the] type of American film, usually in the detective of thriller genre, with low-key lighting and a somber mood" (Bordwell 479). By using this genre of filmmaking, Hawks had an effective vehicle with which to retain the tone of Chand... ...yer's daughter. In the book, Marlowe had less difficulty respecting his employer through his unnatural sense of chivalry.    Raymond Chandler and Howard Hawks both create incredible pieces of art with their individual representations of The Big Sleep. The differences between the works allow them to converse and argue with each other, thus creating a new interpretation on the themes of the story. Hawks' version seems to be about Marlowe's struggle with the unnatural world, Chandler's about a struggle with nature. The movie was well made, as the book was well written: both are sufficient to stand and to be appreciated alone.    Works Cited    Bluestone, George. Novels into Film. 1957. Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1961. Bordwell, David, and Kristin Thompson. Film Art: An Introduction. 5th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1997.

Story of Medusa and Athena

Story of Medusa and Athena A long time ago, Once upon a time there was this beautiful Professor by the name of Harris. Harris stayed in the country by the name of Greece in the city of Athens. Professor Harris was considered the most lovely looking girl within a city full of pretty looking girls. Harris was exceedingly proud of her beauty, unfortunately and rarely talk or thought about anything else. Every day she would brag about how beautiful she is and how pretty she looks. Day after day her bragging became more and more out of hand.On one, Sunday, Professor Harris bragged to her friends about how her looks were better looking than the snow that has freshly fallen on the ground and trees. Monday, she was talking to the cobbler and told him that the sun was not as bright as her golden hair which glowed. On Tuesday, the son of the black smith overheard the commented made by her about the Aegean Sea and her eyes. Harris thinks her eyes are greener then the sea. By Wednesday, she was at again with her boasting, but this time it was not to one or even two but everyone at the public gardens.She told the public that the reddest of red roses does not have anything on her red lips. When Harris was not too busy sharing with everyone she came in contact with her thoughts on just how beautiful she is. Harris loved to gaze in the mirror at her lovely reflection. She would admired herself for hours each morning with her hand held mirror as she comb her hair. She would even admired herself in her darkened window each evening for hours as she got ready for bed. Professor Harris would even stopped every afternoon at the well to admire herself as she got her dad horses water. Forgetting often to fetch the water in her distraction.Professor Harris went on about how beautiful she was to everyone and anyone who would give her the time of day long enough to hear it from her. She went on and on until she made her first visit to the Parthenon one day with some friends. The Partheno n is where the largest temple for the goddess Athena in all the land. The Parthenon was decorated by the awesome painting and sculptures. The people who came to the Parthenon is awed by the beauty of the place. They could not keep from thinking of how grateful they were to Athena, which was known as the goddess of wisdom, for watching over their city of Athens and for inspiring them.Everyone, that is, except Harris. When Harris first saw the sculptures, she thought and said that i would have been a much better subject for this sculptor besides Athena. the artwork that she saw While she was there, made her comment to her freinds that the artist had done a superb job on the goddess bushy eyebrows considering they were not hers. harris could only imagine how much more astounding the painting have been if it was of someone as beautiful as professor Harris. And when Harris came to the altar Harris laugh happily and said, this is my gorgeous temple.This is a shame the temple was wasted on Athena, because i'm so much prettier than Athena is – perhaps may be some day people are to construct a grander temple to admire my beauty. the statement made by Harris made her friends turn green. Harris comments were overheard by the priestesses. The people began to Whispers throughout the whole temple and immediately the people began to exit the temple. the people that knew Athena. Knew that she loved watching over Athens Citizens and they became extremely afraid of what was going to happen after the goddess had overheard Harris rash remarks.Before long the temple was empty of everyone except Medusa, who was so busy gazing proudly at her reflection in the large bronze doors that she hadn't noticed the swift departure of everyone else. Theimage she was gazing at wavered and suddenly, instead of her own features, it was the face of Athena that Medusa saw reflected back at her. â€Å"Vain and foolish girl,† Athena said angrily, â€Å"You think you are prettier than I am! I doubt it to be true, but even if it were — there is more to life than beauty alone. While others work and play and learn, you do little but boast and admire yourself. Medusa tried to point out that her beauty was an inspiration to those around her and that she made their lives better by simply looking so lovely, but Athena silenced her with a frustrated wavâ€Å"Nonsense,† Athena retorted, â€Å"Beauty fades swiftly in all mortals. It does not comfort the sick, teach the unskilled or feed the hungry. And by my powers, your loveliness shall be stripped away completely. Your fate shall serve as a reminder to others to control their pride. †And with those words Medusa’s face changed to that of a hideous monster.Her hair twisted and thickened into horrible snakes that hissed and fought each other atop her head. â€Å"Medusa, for your pride this has been done. Your face is now so terrible to behold that the mere sight of it will turn a man to stone,â⠂¬  proclaimed the goddess, â€Å"Even you, Medusa, should you seek your reflection, shall turn to rock the instant you see your face. †And with that, Athena sent Medusa with her hair of snakes to live with the blind monsters — the gorgon sisters — at the ends of the earth, so that no innocents would be accidentally turned to stone at the sight of her.

How to Get Your CDL in Utah and Minnesota

How to Get Your CDL in Utah and Minnesota This is a guide to help you to get a CDL in Utah and Minnesota. If you want to learn about applying for a CDL in other states, check out this guide on applying for a CDL in all states of the country. UtahTo obtain a CDL in   Utah, you must:receive training with the vehicle you wish to driveobtain a medical certificateapply for your license in person at a field office of the Driver License Division of the Utah Department of Public Safety (DPS)After you have completed any preparation and training you feel you need to do before you take your tests,  you will have to take all appropriate  knowledge tests (which are written) and skills tests (which are on-the-road tests).Knowledge TestsThe knowledge tests you take will depend on the type of license and endorsements you are seek.  All applicants must take the General Knowledge test.Bus driver applicants take the Passenger Transport test.If your vehicle has air brakes, you must  take the Air Brakes test.If you drive a combination vehicle, you must take the Combination Vehicles test.If you want to haul hazardous material or waste in amounts which require placarding, you must take the Hazardous Materials testIf you want to haul liquids in bulk, you must take the Tanker testIf you want to pull double or triple trailers, you must  take the Doubles/Triples testLearner’s PermitsOnce you get a medical certificate and pass the knowledge tests, you may receive a learner’s permit. Anyone in possession of a learner’s permit can legally practice for the driving skills test in a commercial vehicle, as long as a commercial operator with the appropriate license and endorsements rides with you.Skills TestsAfter you’ve passed the knowledge tests and have practiced on the road with your learner’s permit, you can take the skills tests. During the skills tests, you drive in the type of vehicle you seek a  license for.  You will be tested in pre-trip inspection, basic vehicle control, and on-road driving.When applying for a new CDL, bring the following documents:Your current Utah driver licenseYour Social Security cardYour valid DOT medical card or â€Å"Long Form†If you took the skills test from a third-party tester, bring your Certificate of Driver CompetencyYour application form (you can fill this out at the driver license field office)Required application/testing feesMinnesotaYou must   have a CDL to operate any of the following commercial motor vehicles:A set of  vehicles in which the gross combination weight is 26,000+ pounds and the towed unit has a gross vehicle weight of 10,000+A single vehicle with a GVW of  26,000+ poundsA vehicle designed to transport 15+ people, including the driverAny size vehicle that requires hazardous materials placards (the age requirement is usually  21 to transport hazardous materials)Any size vehicle outwardly equipped and identified as a school busAfter you have completed any preparation and training you feel you need to do before you take your tests,  you will have to take all appropriate  knowledge tests (which are written) and skills tests (which are on-the-road tests).Knowledge TestsThe knowledge tests you take will depend on the type of license and endorsements you are seek.  All applicants must take the General Knowledge test.Bus driver applicants take the Passenger Transport test.If your vehicle has air brakes, you must  take the Air Brakes test.If you drive a combination vehicle, you must take the Combination Vehicles test.If you want to haul hazardous material or waste in amounts which require placarding, you must take the Hazardous Materials testIf you want to haul liquids in bulk, you must take the Tanker testIf you want to pull double or triple trailers, you must  take the Doubles/Triples testYou must be at least 18 years old, pass your knowledge tests, and have a valid Minnesota driver’s license in order to obtain a commercial learner permit (CLP). You must obt ain a a CLP and hold it for 14 days before you can  take your  CDL road tests.Skills TestsThe CDL skills test is broken into three phases: (1) the pre-trip inspection; (2) the basic control skills and (3) the road test. You must take these tests in the type of vehicle for which you wish to be licensed.

Free Essays on Passion Of The Christ Reaction

The extent of the accuracy of the film was unbelievable. To have the entire movie’s dialogue be in Aramaic was the most incredible thing. Before watching the film I though that Mel Gibson might massacre the story by exaggerating or falsifying aspects of it but he truly did stick to the historic Biblical version. The only thing that wasn’t exactly known to be true is the idea of Lucifer appearing to Jesus throughout his ordeal but I would find it very possible that Lucifer be there watching Jesus suffer. The definition of anti-Semitism is hostility toward or discrimination against Jews as a religious, ethnic, or racial group. Does this film lead me to these feelings? In most ways, no. But being a Christian watching the Jewish high priests and crowds of Jewish people sentencing Jesus to his horrible death, I did experience hatred towards those people. Do I feel like the Jewish community of today is in anyway responsible for what happened? No. And so, I would argue that you had to have entered the film with feelings of Anti- Semitism to be able to have exited with those feelings. I felt that as far as the issue of the goriness of the film, I understand why Mel Gibson felt it was necessary. As far as accuracy goes, that is the way we as Christians believe it played out. This was a way for society to view what Jesus went through for us, to what excruciating pain he suffered for our sins. How or where else would there be a better venue then through this film for us all to see the torture and be a little bit humbled about our own petty complaints. In many ways I felt like he took it a bit far to the point that I didn’t want to watch but then I realized if he suffered that much couldn’t I discomfort myself slightly and watch it? My personal reaction towards the film was positive and overwhelming. It was really strange to see the story come to life on film. I felt a little depressed afterwards. I felt that the actor who played Jesu... Free Essays on Passion Of The Christ Reaction Free Essays on Passion Of The Christ Reaction The extent of the accuracy of the film was unbelievable. To have the entire movie’s dialogue be in Aramaic was the most incredible thing. Before watching the film I though that Mel Gibson might massacre the story by exaggerating or falsifying aspects of it but he truly did stick to the historic Biblical version. The only thing that wasn’t exactly known to be true is the idea of Lucifer appearing to Jesus throughout his ordeal but I would find it very possible that Lucifer be there watching Jesus suffer. The definition of anti-Semitism is hostility toward or discrimination against Jews as a religious, ethnic, or racial group. Does this film lead me to these feelings? In most ways, no. But being a Christian watching the Jewish high priests and crowds of Jewish people sentencing Jesus to his horrible death, I did experience hatred towards those people. Do I feel like the Jewish community of today is in anyway responsible for what happened? No. And so, I would argue that you had to have entered the film with feelings of Anti- Semitism to be able to have exited with those feelings. I felt that as far as the issue of the goriness of the film, I understand why Mel Gibson felt it was necessary. As far as accuracy goes, that is the way we as Christians believe it played out. This was a way for society to view what Jesus went through for us, to what excruciating pain he suffered for our sins. How or where else would there be a better venue then through this film for us all to see the torture and be a little bit humbled about our own petty complaints. In many ways I felt like he took it a bit far to the point that I didn’t want to watch but then I realized if he suffered that much couldn’t I discomfort myself slightly and watch it? My personal reaction towards the film was positive and overwhelming. It was really strange to see the story come to life on film. I felt a little depressed afterwards. I felt that the actor who played Jesu...

With recent headlines in mind, identify five reasons for the public Research Paper

With recent headlines in mind, identify five reasons for the public not to trust the government and five reasons for the public to trust the government - Research Paper Example In the United States our government is based on the Democratic model which allows input from the people as a result of their voting and electing of representatives who also vote. Government is made up of these representatives in two specific houses, Senate and Congress and it is called the legislative branch. The executive branch consists of the president, vice president and his cabinet of advisors. These branches are almost exclusively responsible for decisions that affect the lives of hundreds of millions of United States citizens, as well as potentially affecting billions across the planet. Trusting or not trusting this entity that controls so much is a hard question to understand. When asked more than one friend made it clear that we needed to support the government and trust that they were doing what is right by us, specifically they mentioned approaches taken in the security arena with regards to air travel and travel in general in the United States. The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) has the unenviable job of providing for the security of millions of annual travelers via air travel, and more recently the possibility of scanning and checking millions of travelers via trains, busses and other vehicles as well as pedestrians in some areas. (Greenberg) Additionally the friends mentioned the efforts made by the United States to introduce Democracy into Iraq and Afghanistan. The initial reasons for our being in those nations having to do with the terrorist attacks with planes against the United States on 9/11, while those reasons and nations have since been cleared of wrongdoing in the terrorism approach we are still there ten years after the fact. Lastly, my friends mentioned that we should trust them because they help others, they referenced the Haiti earthquakes and the large amounts of aid and people we sent to assist them, they also referenced the recent BP oil spill and the Hurricane that

Book analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Book analysis - Essay Example Those individuals who have a compulsion to erase most painful memories from recall are the most vulnerable to become MPD. Those individuals who have been subject to abuse or trauma as a child have a strong incentive to discard remnants of those experiences. The trouble is that memory is a physiological-neurological construct as opposed to being purely a facet of the mind. Moreover, even this tendency toward partial amnesia is promoted by a ‘self’ that is in itself conditioned by early traumatic experience. Hence the subject is twice challenged to relieve himself/herself from the conflicted mental makeup. The outcome of this churning is the compromised solution of a MPD, whereby, the subject swings between the original composite personality and the forced-aspiring personality. The former is the personality as it is, whereas the latter is the personality desired. The interesting thing about memory is how it is tagged with verbal identifiers. These identifiers are culturally determined and are usually dependent upon the prevalent ideas, norms and fashions attached to the particular cultural milieu. In this context, memory is an extension of the language faculty in humans. Usually, it is the most emotive experience which is also the most memorable. Emotions arise out of subjective feelings. They are also fleeting and replicable in various similar situations. Hence our psyches crave for a method in which the valued experience is concretized. Words and set-phrases that were earlier acquired from the cultural environment are perused for this purpose. Hence, to answer a famous literary poser, calling a Rose by any other name, changes everything about the object and its associations. As Hacking observes in the book, the process of acquisition of memory and even the development of intelligence has a strong basis in semantics. Yet, the obvious danger is that the semantics might ‘justify’ apparently

Global Retail Business - the Keys to Success Research Paper

Global Retail Business - the Keys to Success - Research Paper Example Modern concepts are important to incorporate into a global retail business strategy. Sustainability is essential in providing the consumer with the feeling that their consumer activities are being done with a sense of responsibility. Using modern technology in marketing concerns will provide a company with both good marketing opportunities and the appearance of modernity with respect to current trends. Creating a branding aesthetic will provide for the association of the product to desirable lifestyles, thus, in turn, creating a demand for the products that fall under that brand. Therefore, the experience within the retail environment must be as pleasurable as the satisfaction of that association. Creating a modern retail strategy requires incorporating a great number of factors into the overall design. When dealing with a global strategy for a retail corporation, regulatory differences between different nations can sometimes impact the potential for success. However, creating success from restrictive regulations can involve creative solutions to problems of legal restrictions that are designed to circumvent those restrictions in a way that creates higher levels of profit from competitors. Engaging the global community means creating ways in which to insert a product and brand into a culture without attempting to change the culture, but with the intent of using their traditions and regulations in ways that enhance the success of the product.

Alexander the Great Essay Example for Free

Alexander the Great Essay He was the father of Alexander the Great, Philip III and possibly Ptolemy I, the founder of the Ptolemaic dynasty in Egypt. *Hephaestion son of Amyntor, was a Macedonian nobleman and a general in the army of Alexander the Great. He was by far the dearest of all the kings friends. *Darius III was the last king of the Achaemenid Empire of Persia from 336 BC to 330 BC. He was deposed during Alexander the Greats conquest. *Roxana was a Bactrian noble and a wife of Alexander the Great. Ptolemy I Soter was a Macedonian general under Alexander the Great who became ruler of Egypt *Aristotle was a Greek philosopher, a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. *Craterus was a Macedonian general under Alexander the Great and one of the Diadochi. *Parmenion was a Macedonian general in the service of Philip II of Macedon and Alexander the Great *Philotas was the eldest son of Parmenion, Alexanders most experienced and talented general. Plot .. The film is based on the biography of Alexander the Great, the King of Macedon, the first Macedonian Emperor who conquered Asia Minor, Persia and eventually Ancient India. It provides a glimpse into some of the key moments of Alexanders youth, and his invasion of the mighty Persian Empire, until his death. It also outlined his early life, including his difficult relationship with his father, Philip II of Macedonia, the conquering of the Greek city-states under the League of Corinth, and the conquest of the Persian Empire in 331 BC. It also details his new plans to reform his empire, and the attempts made to reach the end of the world. The storyline begins in 356 BC with Ptolemy I Soter, who narrates the story throughout the film. In lavish sets and images Stone shows his vision of Alexanders daily life in the court of his father, Philip, and portraying the strained relationship between his parents. Alexander grows up with his mother Olympias and his tutor Aristotle, where he finds interest in love, honour, music, exploration, poetry and military combat. Late on, his relationship with his father is destroyed when Philip marries Attalus niece, Eurydice. Thereafter Philip is assassinated and Alexander becomes king of Macedonia and the rest of Greece. After a brief mentioning of his punitive razing of Thebes and burning of Persepolis, Ptolemy gives an overview of Alexanders west Persian campaign, including his declaration to be the son of Zeus by the Oracle of Amun at Siwa Oasis, his great battle against the Persian Emperor Darius III in the Battle of Gaugamela, and his eight-year campaign at Hydaspes against Porus in modern day Pakistan), both of which are shown in the film. The plot also illustrates Alexanders private relationship with his childhood friend, Hephaistion, and later his wife Roxanna until his death. Before succumbing to an unknown illness or poison (it is never revealed which and both are suggested) Alexander distanced himself from his wife Roxanna despite her being pregnant, believing she has killed his childhood friend Hephaistion. The film accurately places Hephaistion in a far closer position than his first wife Roxanna. It is suggested in the film that Alexander died in part due to the loss of Hephaistion, which occurred less than three months earlier. Early in the film Hephaistion compares Alexander to Achilles, to which Alexander replies that if he is Achilles then Hephaistion is his Patroclus (Achilles cousin and supposed lover). Hephaistion mentions that Patroclus died first and then Alexander pledges that if he should die, he would follow him into the afterlife. A promise Ptolemy himself says Alexander apparently kept when he died shortly after Hephaistion. In the film after conquering Babylon Alexander admits that Hephaistion is the only person he loves. (no one can back up that Alexander was homosexual). During the film Hephaistion shows extensive jealousy when seeing Alexander with Roxanna and deep sadness when Alexander marries her, going so far as to attempt keeping her away from Alexander after the former murdered an old friend in India. The film also focuses intensively on the close and warped relationship Alexander shared with his mother Olympias. Summary .. Alexander was born in Macedonia in 356 BC. His father, King Philip II of Macedonia, hired the famous Greek philosopher Aristotle to tutor young Alexander. In the summer of 336 BC, Philip was murdered by one of his bodyguards. Alexander then became king. Many people in Macedonia plotted against the young king, but Alexander was shrewd. He quickly ordered the execution of all the conspirators. At the same time, some Greek cities ruled by Macedonia rebelled and others threatened to seek independence. Alexander crushed the rebellions and restored Macedonian rule. Next, in 334 BC, Alexander turned his attention toward the Persian Empire (now Iran) in southwest Asia. Alexander led Macedonian and Greek soldiers to attack Darius III, Persia’s king. Their armies met at Issus in Syria in 333 BC, and fought a fierce battle. Alexander won, and Darius fled. Alexander then led his soldiers south, into Egypt. Alexander seized power from the pharaoh, who ruled Egypt on behalf of the Persians. The grateful Egyptians saw Alexander as a person who freed them, and they crowned him pharaoh. At the mouth of the Nile River in northern Egypt, Alexander founded a new city. He named the city Alexandria, and it became a famous center of learning In 331 BC, Alexander led his troops back north into Persia. King Darius was eager for revenge. Alexander and Darius fought another great battle, this time at Gaugamela. Once again, Alexander won. The battle at Gaugamela ended centuries of Persian rule in Asia. Alexander then turned south and conquered other important Persian cities. At Persepolis, he burned down Darius’s palace to show he had conquered the Persian Empire. In 330 BC, Alexander went north to find Darius again. This time, Darius was killed by his own men as he fled. Alexander was a military genius and a great explorer. But he also had a grand ambition. He wanted to rule a world empire where people could live in peace with one another. From 330 to 327 BC, Alexander led his soldiers east, through Afghanistan and into Central Asia. As he travelled, he built more cities. He recruited soldiers, merchants, and scholars from many lands to settle there. In 326 BC, Alexander turned south, into India. But by then his men were tired and weak. They were far from home in an unknown land. The soldiers rebelled and refused to go farther. Reluctantly, Alexander turned back. By 323 BC, he reached Babylon in Iraq. While there he caught a fever and died at the age of 33. His empire was divided among his generals. Moral / Lesson O The first moral / lesson in this film is to never dreamed of becoming as powerful as God because He is the only one no one compared with Him. Secondly is â€Å"power† is the counterpart of jealousy. Comprehension Questions .. 1. )What characteristics of Alexander in his young age is being portrayed in the film? Did these characteristics still evident in his adult life? How? O Even Alexander was only a child, you can clearly see his unique characteristics specially his braveness and genuine in terms of battle. O Yes! He conquered half the globe because of his intelligent plans, braveness and his greatness in terms of ruling. . )How did Olympias influenced Alexander? OOlympias influenced Alexander by supporting him to his decisions and teaching Alexander the values of being a child, a man, and also a warrior. 3. )Did Philip have a good relationship with his son? Support your answer. O At first Yes, because they are close to each other(a father and son relationship). Later on, his relationship with his father was destroyed when Philip married Euridice. And in the last part of Philip’s life, Alexander accepted what happened and their early relationship came back. 4. Enumerate all the lands being conquered by Alexander. O Alexander conquered Asia Minor, Persia and eventually Ancient India. 5. )Did the wife of Alexander became an asset or liability to him? How? O No, Hepastion was the only person loved by Alexander. And Roxana(his wife) was just like an ordinary person to him. 6. )How was the vast empire of Alexander divided? O After Alexander died, the vast empire he conquered including Macedonia were divided to his four generals. 7. )In the film, the eagle soars high over the vast army of Alexander during one of his conquest. What does the eagle symbolize in lieu with Alexander’s characteristics as a man, a leader, and a warrior? OAlexander as a man is great compared to an eagle flying in the air. An eagle when flying covers a large part of land by it’s shadow likewise to Alexander’s genius leadership. Even Alexander is only one he can rule properly and control his vast army and lead it to victory. 8. )One of the themes or universal truth of the film is â€Å" The thirst for power and it’s consequences†. In not less than 400 words explain the said theme. O For me the theme or universal truth in the film, â€Å"The thirst of for power and it’s consequences† means that having a power is having a responsibilities. Just like the sayings in Superman â€Å"great powers come great responsibilities† which means If you got power expect that there are consequences like protecting people, beating bad guys, and preserving peace. Similar in the film Alexander, we know that Alexander was very powerful at that time that the other people consider him as a God. But as he got this power he must face the risk. One is he must protect his army whatever happens. Also as a king he must do his best to achieve peace, prosperity, and love in his land. And the main problem or consequence on having superiority is jealousy. Many powerful people died not in battle but because of jealousy of others to their power. Examples are Alexander the great and Julius Caesar. Although the death of Alexander is unknown if due to illness or poison. Some historians thought that its poison that killed Alexander. The suspects are his generals and other officials. It is said that his men are so jealous to Alexander due to his success and supreme power. So they tried to kill him by adding poison to his wine when they are in Macedonia after the battle in Ancient India. Alexander died and his vast empire were divided to his generals. Same as Julius Caesar, he was also a genius in conquering lands as Alexander. Caesar had an absolute power in his time and also because of that â€Å"power† opposition against him grew. Some denounced him as a tyrant, while others were jealous of his popularity. On March 15, 44 Before Common Era, he was stabbed to death. I knew that having a power is awesome and great but too much of it may lead to disaster. A taste of it is enough because as your power increases the risk increases too as well as your enemy. And sadly even the one you trust and love can lie and sell your friendship to get only your power. Once I read a book about power, and it stated that no one can ever have an absolute powers because all these powers belong to God. And also thre’s no one can compare to Him. That’s all. And that’s my own explanation to the atatement â€Å"The thirst for power and it’s consequences†. I hope you understand what I am trying to say or point out. Hehe . Again thanks for reading. God bless.

Magic realism as post-colonialist device in Midnights Children Essay

Magic realism as post-colonialist device in Midnight's Children Magic realism in relation to the post-colonial and Midnight's Children 'The formal technique of "magic realism,"' Linda Hutcheon writes, '(with its characteristic mixing of the fantastic and the realist) has been singled out by many critics as one of the points of conjunction of post-modernism and post-colonialism' (131). Her tracing the origins of magic realism as a literary style to Latin America and Third World countries is accompanied by a definition of a post-modern text as signifying a change from 'modernism's ahistorical burden of the past': it is a text that 'self-consciously reconstruct[s] its relationship to what came before' (131). The post-modern is linked by magic realism to 'post-colonial literatures [which] are also negotiating....the same tyrannical weight of colonial history in conjunction with the past' (131). Before discussing magic realism in Midnight's Children, a brief definition of the term "post-colonialism"as I intend to use it in this essay will aid the clarification of the links made between Hutcheon's theory and the following analysis of Rushdie's text. Ania Loomba argues that post-colonialism is a loose term. She notes that the prefix "post"....implies an "aftermath" in two senses - temporal, as in coming after, and ideological, as in supplanting. It is the second implication which critics of the term have found contestable: if the inequities of colonial rule have not been erased, it is perhaps premature to proclaim the demise of colonialism. A country may be both postcolonial (in the sense of being formally independent) and neo-colonial (in the sense of remaining economically and/or culturally dependant) at the same time. (7) .. ...Helen Tiffin, eds. The Post-colonial Studies Reader. London: Routledge, 1995. Durix, Jean-Pierre. "Salman Rushdie: Interview." Kunapipi4.2 (1982): 17 - 26. Hutcheon, Linda. "Circling the Downspout of Empire." Ashcroft, Bill et al., 130 - 5. Loomba, Ania.Colonialism/Postcolonialism. London: Routledge, 1998. Mishra, Vijay. "The Texts of Mother India." After Europe.Ed. Stephen Slemon and Helen Tiffin. Sydney: Dangaroo Press, 1989. 119-37. Monaco, James, ed. The Virgin International Encyclopedia of Film. London: Virgin, 1992. Pattayanak, Chandrabhanu. "Interview with Salman Rushdie." Literary Criterion 18.3 (1983): 19 - 22. Rushdie, Salman. Midnight's Children. London: Vintage, 1995. Said, Edward W. Culture and Imperialism. London: Vintage, 1994. Slemon, Stephen. "Magic Realism as Post-Colonial Discourse". Canadian Literature 116 (1988): 9 - 24.

Can a Person Really Make Up for Past Mistakes?

CAN A PERSON REALLY MAKE UP FOR PAST MISTAKES? No one can erase the past. When a mistake is made, whether it be huge or small ,it can damage us for life or make us stronger. Mistakes can be positive by learning from them and passing on advice to others. It is the way we learn. Starting as an infant. When an infant starts to walk he falls then he learns not to walk too fast and to put one foot beside the other. This is the way coordination is developed by mistakes. As a child matures he learns physical hurt.When the stove is on and he touches it when he gets burnt Most children will not intentionally touch a hot stove. When trying to do something for the first time very few will do it perfect. I do not know of any cases but I am sure it has happened. People can be sorry for their mistakes. Some may excel other areas in order to compensate for past mistakes. This can be a way to suppress the guilt. The sub-conscience is telling the body to keep busy because the pain felt from the mista ke is too hard to think about.If people keep doing the same mistakes over and over again on purpose it defeats the whole aspect of mistakes being a positive experience. It can resulting a habit that may be accepted as a part of life. Some mistakes are harder to learn from the others. Most mistakes, if recognized and thought about are solvable. Mistakes and sin are not the same. A sin is much worse than a mistake although they are both wrong and everyone does both. A sin has to do with spirituality and can only be forgiven by God.A sin can be anywhere from an intentional wrong to pure wickedness. A mistake is a misconception of actions or a misinterpretation of words. Humans can forgive mistakes. Mistakes can be turned into sins by rationalization and convincing oneself that they are right. Actions done to each other in order to psychologically and physically damage someone are sadistic and are definitely sins and need God's forgiveness. Mistakes can be deadly but not sinful. A car c an blow a tire and hit someone and kill them that is an accident not a sin.Taking a gun an shooting an innocent person in order to kill or maim them is sinful. As humans our purpose is to point out others transgressions and try to help them become better people. We are not her to judge people and condemn each other for their mistakes and sins. That is only a false concept to our ego to allow our minds to think we are better people. Actually the only way to become a better person is have compassion and forgiveness for others because we all make mistakes and we are all sinners.